Hair loss, baldness or alopecia is a common problem in men and women, but due to different reasons.

The identification of the cause for hair loss is essential for effective treatment. Some measures should be taken to improve the response, but treatment should be prescribed and directed by the physician, particularly the dermatologist.
Causes and treatments of hair loss

* Alopecia cicatricial
* Alopecia areata
* Alopecia Mechanica
* Hair loss due to infectious diseases
* Hair loss due to systemic
* Female diffuse Alopecia
* Baldness (alopecia seborrheic)

Cicatricial alopecia

Hair loss caused by trauma, burns or chemical or physical exposure to radioactive agents used for therapeutic purpose.

May be due to disease evolving to atrophy or scars, such as pyoderma, paracoccidioidomycosis, leishmaniasis, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, herpes zoster, lymphomas, tumors, lichen planus, scleroderma, lupus erythematosus fixed, Pseudopelade Brocq and folliculitis descalvante.

The treatment of this type of hair loss is to combat the disease to prevent atrophy or scarring. At the sequel to atrophy, if possible, can make the implantation of hair.

Alopecia areata (naked)

It presents as areas without hair, rounded or oval of various sizes, single or multiple, isolated or converged, without changing the skin, not to be discreet hypotonia. May occur in the scalp and / or hair in other regions. In some cases, develop into total loss of hair.

The cause is unknown and may be related to emotional disturbances, or infection attacks the immune system itself.

Treatment of alopecia areata includes:

* Treat the possible causes, with special attention to mental disorders and if necessary seek the assistance of the psychiatrist.
* Medications rubefacientes in applications daily or on alternate days. These drugs increase the circulation of the blood spot and generally causes repilation.
* Drugs steroids in solution or ointment may be useful. Their action is based on suppression of the immune system in place.

Hair loss cause of mechanical

When hair loss is due to physical factors on the scalp, the treatment is to remove the causes. In old cases, in which the action was traumatic for a long time, the alopecia may become irreversible. Examples:

* Newborns: hair loss, mainly in the occipital region, probably due to the child to remain lying down for a long time. It is transient, not requiring treatment.
* Some hairstyles that cause increased traction of the hair, affecting the fronto-temporal regions and periphery of the scalp.
* It can also be caused by the use of hats, kepi or other compression.
* You can also occur in patients who remain lying down for long.
* Trichotillomania: in people who acquire the habit of starting their own hair and hair, are areas of alopecia, in which the hairs are found in different lengths. The treatment is to investigate and treat the cause, usually psychological. Monitoring the psychiatrist is required.

Hair loss due to infectious diseases

Infectious diseases with high fever lasting 3 to 5 days can cause diffuse hair loss, which occur between 75 and 90 days after the febrile episode. In these cases, the hair come back without treatment.

In syphilis infection may occur areas of rarefaction of hair and / or hair, is the classic alopecia in clearing. After treatment of syphilis is recovery of hair and hair.

In leprosy there may be alopecia, usually accompanied by anesthesia and anhydrosis. It is common for hair loss in the outer third of eyebrow (madarosis). Usually irreversible, even with treatment.

Hair loss causes of systemic

Diffuse alopecia may occur in several diseases that affect the body as a whole:

* Systemic Lupus Erythematosus,
* Dermatomyositis,
* Anemia,
* Carenciais and debilitating diseases,
* Diabetes,
* Hyperthyroidism,
* Hypothyroidism,
* Addison’s disease.

The treatment is the systemic disease, ie, usually fighting the cause, the hair grow again.

In women, after childbirth, is a common observation of diffuse alopecia of the scalp. Is usually not very intense, hard few months and regresses. The regression of the table can be facilitated with the use of rubefaciente, the administration of complex vitamins and psychological support.

Female diffuse alopecia

This type of hair loss of hair shows decrease in fronto-parietal regions, so diffuse, persisting hair shorter and afilados, the skin loses the elasticity and may be accompanied by seborrhea.

Usually the fall is associated with hormonal disorders, with an increase of progesterone, menopause, or the use of injections of androgen to order treatment for another disorder. The diagnosis is made by the physician, which usually calls for examinations hormonal dosages.

Treatment of this type of hair loss depends on the result of hormonal dosages, which may have indicated the use of prepared antiandrogênicos associated with estrogen to combat hormonal dysregulation.

Seborrheic alopecia or baldness

This type of hair loss is more common in men. The fall starts on the fronto-parietal regions and / or the vertex, and can progress and reach across the central part of the scalp.

Often it is seborrhea of the scalp, ie, increase of oil. Is usually much more serious as is the early onset of hair loss.

In the women alopecia affects mainly the central part of the scalp and occurs at exceptionally complete loss of hair. Much more rare.

The treatment of baldness may delay or interrupt the process, and the earlier the treatment, the better the result. The treatments available are:

* The finasteride is a drug used to treat baldness with good results in the interruption of the fall and the strengthening of capillaries.
* Minoxidil for local use in lotions with favorable results, but must be used for several months (3-4 months).
* For the treatment of seborrhea, it is recommended the use of sulfurous soaps, shampoos based on coal, zinc or ketoconazole.

The suspension of use may cause the fall of the hair recovered, returning to the initial situation.

General measures such as correction of emotional disturbances, hormonal changes, dietary deficiencies, control of blood pressure, avoid the excessive use of dyes or decolorant.

Once the baldness therapy is the only resource implantation of hair, which to date has shown satisfactory results.